Kaprow’s Fluids (1967)

FLUIDS
A HAPPENING BY
ALLAN KAPROW

DURING THREE DAYS, ABOUT TWENTY
RECTANGULAR ENCLOSURES OF ICE
BLOCKS (MEASURING ABOUT 30
FEET LONG, 10 WIDE AND 8
HIGH) ARE BUILD THROUGHOUT
THE CITY. THEIR WALLS ARE
UNBROKEN. THEY ARE LEFT TO MELT

-THOSE INTERESTED IN PARTICIPATING SHOULD ATTEND A PRELIMINARY MEETING AT THE PASADENA ART MUSEUM, 46 NORTH LOS ROBLES AVENUE, PASADENA, AT 8.30PM, OCTOBER 11 10, 1967. THE HAPPENING WILL BE THOROUGHLY DISCUSSED BY ALLAN KAPROW AND ALL DETAILS WORKED OUT.

[-poster for FLUIDS (1967) – from the funny old book Adrian Henri, Total Art: Environments, Happenings, and Performance, Praeger, New York, 1974, p97]

[Update November 27, 2007: Fluids was remade at the Performa Festival in NYC in 2007. Unfortunately I wasn’t able to attend that event, but I have written about Push and Pull, and 18 Happenings in 6 Parts, which were also recreated during Performa.]

instructional artworks

in preparation for a workshop accompanying the erwin wurm show at the mca, i am compiling a few links for "DO IT YOURSELF" and/or instructional artworks.

the DO IT manual:
http://www.e-flux.com/projects/do_it/manuals/0_manual.html

and erwin wurm's contribution with some cute drawings:
http://www.e-flux.com/projects/do_it/manuals/artists/w/W002/W002.html

101 Art Ideas You Can Do Yourself, by Rob Pruitt:
http://www.e-flux.com/projects/pruitt/index.php3?num=1

fluxus performance workbook, compiled by Ken Friedman, Owen Smith and Lauren Sawchyn (315kb pdf document, to download right click the link and "save target as" or "save link as"):
http://www.performance-research.net/documents/fluxus_workbook_print.pdf

any suggestions to add to this list welcome!
………….
update:
margie suggests:

Henry Bursill's  Hand Shadows To Be Thrown Upon The Wall [Originally published by Griffith and Farran in 1859!!]:
http://www.gutenberg.org/files/12962/12962-h/12962-h.htm

and also from Margie:
assignments galore (and they're fun) from Miranda July et al:
http://www.learningtoloveyoumore.com/index2.php

strange strolls in fremantle

this email came through from Perdy Phillips, in Perth. She recently organised a sound project called "strange strolls":

Hi There

Today [17 Dec 2005] is the last day of the strange strolls sound and walking art
project at the Moores Building Contemporary Art Gallery, Henry Street
Fremantle, Western Australia.

This project saw 16 Australian and international artists create sound
walking tours of Fremantle.  The viewer/listener hired a standard CD
Walkman from the Gallery and headed out into the streets of the West End. 
Audiences were taken away from the everyday by the sound experience
created.  The 14 different sound walks were extremely varied.  Some
artists lived locally and their works reflected personal connections to
place. Others had never been south of the Equator.  Central to the project
was the differences created between what you hear and what you see:  the
imaginative journeys undertaken extended the experience of the body and
made the streets living, luminous and imbricated.

For more details see http://www.perditaphillips.com/

For those of you who could not make it you can purchase a catalogue at
http://www.lethologicapress.org/

Also, a big thank you to everyone who assisted with the project during
the last three years.

Perdy

strange strolls
Curator: Perdita Phillips. Catalogue writer:  Nyands Smith.
Participating artists: Begum Basdas (Turkey/USA) Viv Corringham (England/USA)
Robert Curgenven (NT) Lawrence English (QLD) Aaron Coates Hull (NSW) Maria
Manuela Lopes and Paulo Bernardino (Portugal) Minaxi May (WA) Roxane
Permar (Shetland) Perdita Phillips (WA) Ric Spencer (WA) Kieran Stewart
(WA) Aili Vahtrapuu and Virve Pulver (Estonia) Walter van Rijn
(England/The Netherlands) Dorothee von Rechenberg (Switzerland).

The Lettrist Cinema of the 1950s

The following is an extract from an essay published in Experimenta (ed Adrian Martin), 1990 (Modern Image Makers Association Inc).
Several Lettrist films were shown at Experimenta that year, presented by French filmmaker and writer Christian Lebrat.
Experimenta, these days, can be found at http://www.experimenta.org 
………………………………………….

The Lettrist Cinema of the 1950s
by Christian Lebrat

(Extracts from the lecture “Lettrism: History, Theory and Cinema” given throughout Australia, November 1990.)

Historic Lettrist cinema began in 1951 and finished one year later. During these two years eight hours of film were produced. These films are, chronologically, The Treatise on Slime and Eternity by Isidore Isou and Has the Film Already Started? By Maurice Lemaitre, both 1951. Then The Anti-Concept by Gil J. Wolman, Dawn Day Drums by Francois Dufrene, The Boat of Flowing Life by Jean-Louis Brau and Screaming for Sade by Guy Debord, all 1952.

The chiselled film technique was a radical way of liberating the cinematic medium form the burden of representation (Lemaitre said, “Sound, previously enslaved, is now free of the tyranny of vision”). At first Lettrist filmmakers partially erased the image, later reaching a state of complete destruction of the film by projecting entire parts of films with only black or white celluloid. In his Treatise on Slime and Eternity, Isou abandoned the synchronism of sound and image, leaving sections with only abstract white lines or spot son the image. Lemaitre completely scratched out the image in Has the Film Already Started?, and transformed the film projection into a live performance.

Wolman, Dufrene and Debord progressively destroyed their images and emphasised a hyper-crammed soundtrack. In his The Anti-Concept Wolman projected intermittent light circles onto a spherical balloon hanging up in the movie theatre. In Dawn Day Drums Dufrene reduced the film to the voices of four reciters. And the last shot of Debord's Screaming for Sade was silent and black and white for twenty four minutes.

After this prodigious period of Lettrist cinema, only two of the group's members continued making films. Guy Debord, after his break with the group, produced five other films, all of which (plus his first) are impossible to see today, as he refuses to screen them. Maurice Lemaitre produced about fifty films and film performances from 1963 to the present.

It is obvious that all these artists were autodidacts. Lemaitre was a young anarchist when he met Isou in 1949. Two years later he began assisting Isau in making his film. He was already interested in cinema and frequently went to the Cinematheque Francaise. By being Isou's assistant he discovered and learnt cinematic technique. Through manipulating celluloid for Isou he found that he could go even further. Two months after finishing Isou's film he began Has the Film Already Started?. He used many techniques such as writing or painting directly onto the celluloid, scratching it, washing it with acid, using positives and negatives, superimpositions and mattes, and so on. For this work he used rushes from old commercial films, and filmed material with Isou walking in the quarter of Saint-Germain-des-Pres.

Has the Film Already Started? is the most complex, aggressive and humorous of the six films made at the start of the 50s by the Lettrists. I would also say it is the most beautiful because of the very impressive chiselling work performed on the images, giving the film, together with the soundtrack, an incredible rhythm. The text of the soundtrack, frames form the image-track and the text of the interventions from the auditorium were published din a book of the same title by Lemaitre in 1952.

Lemaitre remarked to me in 1985 that “this film sought to be a kind of general butchering of the cinema.” He also wanted to make the spectators participate during the screening. Originally, at the premiere in Paris on December 7, 1951, the screening was completely disturbed: drapery covered the usual screen, actor-spectators in the theatre conversed with the screen, people went onto the stage. There were diversions at the entrance, diversions on the pavement outside, and so forth. Near the end of the film the manager of the theatre announced to the public that he had to stop the film because the projectionist couldn't find the last reel. Lemaitre's screenplay even included the intervention of the police at the end of the performance – and they actually arrived.

The film was shown several times during this period in Paris and at the Belgium Cinematheque, and then disappeared for a long time until it was rediscovered in 1973. But we can say that it had certainly had an influence on both the Nouvelle Vague and on underground cinema.

The screenplay begins: “A pink moving screen will stand at the entrance to the theatre, in the night. One hour before the screening a projectionist will show Griffith's Intolerance on this screen. The start of the film will be announced at 8.30 but no one will enter before 9.30. During these 60 minutes of waiting, people on the first floor of the building will shake out very dusty carpets, and someone else will throw ice water on the heads of those spectators waiting for the screening. Some actors who have infiltrated the crowd will insult other actors on the first floor. At this moment only, and to stop the beginning of a scandal, the doors of the theatre will open…”

This was the beginning of the adventure.

During the first visual part of the film, the soundtrack begins with the author speaking about the importance of artistic creation. The voice is very expressive. Flickering black and white images with drawn letters are projected on screen. The same voice returns at the end of the film, after many other sound pieces such as Lettrist poems by Dufrene and Wolman, a messianic manifesto written and read by Isou, abstracts of press articles, and so on. Lemaitre finishes his film with the sentence addressed to you, the spectator: “Maurice Lemaitre asks himself: why has he made this film? Wasn't it a really foolish enterprise?”

Now you can judge for yourself.

[filed under: Expanded Cinema]

 

rent a body

"Everybody rents themselves in the marketplace," said Cao, a 31-year old Spanish conceptual artist. "You work, and somebody pays you for it; there is no difference between that and prostitution." While questions about the body as a commodity are central to the "company mission" of Rent-A-Body, Cao is decidedly not in the business of carnal knowledge: sexual rentals of any kind are strictly prohibited.

The agency, according to its promotional brochure, offers "an up-to-date body. . . prepared to function as a living extension of your will." The prospective customer is promised "an articulate, versatile human, in possession of a wide variety of mental and physical capabilities. . . for a reasonable hourly fee." If this sounds to you like a boutique-y version of Temps USA serfdom, you're on the right track.

for the whole essay, go to:
http://www.stim.com/Stim-x/0696June/Eyebot/rentyerbody.html
thanks to margie for the link!

here at First Draft

“here” at First Draft. Performance evenings presented by Terminus Projects:

The last few weeks, I’ve been heading down to First Draft to check out the performance evenings put on by Terminus Projects. The two that have happened so far haven’t been formal performances really, not in the sense of “an audience focusing for a particular period of time and then cheering afterwards”, and not, either, in the way Artspace seems to have been promoting lately – endurance events of a cathartic nature. They’ve been casual, and rather unassuming.

Koji Ryui and Huseyin Sami hosted the first night, two Wednesdays ago. Koji was doing portraits of visitors, using only his hands to “read” the face of his sitter. He had a white cube helmet on his head, restricting his vision, and sat at a simple wooden desk, with an array of pencils and paper in front of him. One by one, those who wanted to be drawn would sit in a chair opposite. He would reach out and gently touch the contours of their head. The touching lasted a few minutes. Then he would grope around for his pencil and paper, and draw what he could remember.

For me, the encounter was surprisingly intimate. When I sat for my portrait, Koji first spent some time feeling my hair. I was aware how greasy it was, especially since his hands were dry, soft, and clean. Although I had shaved that day, I could feel that his fingers felt the new stubble, as well as the clefts in my nose and chin, which are almost indiscernable visually. His fingers had a tentative, gentle patting motion on the skin – obviously, he was trying to get a sense of the shape of my face, but it seemed he was cautious, not wanting to be too “forward”.

I joked with him, trying to draw him into having a conversation with me while he worked, but I don’t think he wanted this. The drawings were quite quickly executed, distorted, of course, but with a lightness of touch and a confidence of line. When I compared mine with Lisa’s, it occurred to me that Koji is probably a very good “draftsman” – there was a knowingness about the linework and a confidence. I wondered whether this exercise of “blind drawing” would be more interesting if the artist was not an accomplished drawer, or if he used his left hand. But maybe that’s just my obsession with seeing “struggle” and “learning” in the actual execution of the work of art – seeing it happen right before your eyes (rather than “here’s one we prepared before the show”).

Huseyin’s work was certainly happening live – he was serving up delicious, home made fried breads as we came in the door. I assume that the bevy of smiling ladies he had working with him were his mother, aunts, and grandma, but I didn’t stop to verify that fact. One was making up the dough, kneading and then handing it over to Huseyin, who rolled it out with a rolling pin. Another lady was doing the frying work. The finished rounds, which looked like small chappatis, but tasted like a cross between Turkish bread and Lebanese bread, were laid out on a table for guests to help themselves. As I took my first (I ate three) I held it up to say thanks to the ladies, and to Huseyin. They seemed pleased with themselves. It was a generous gesture. First Draft at that time of day was bathed in orange light. It felt like a good time of year to be in Sydney, and this seemed like the right kind of art to match my mood.

The second evening (last Wednesday) was hosted by Brian Fuata. His event seemed to be about the crap jobs he’d done in his time. When I arrived (a bit late) he was already up to the second of three simple actions. He was sitting at a chair, doing nothing much, and Sarah (from Terminus Projects) was writing a long story up on the wall behind him, in charcoal. The story had something to do with him working at the airport, sorting linen. I only read a bit of it when I noticed I was standing next to Barbara Campbell. I had been wanting to talk to her for a while, she’s been doing this amazing 1001 nights project, where each day at sunset, she reads a story as a webcam performance. (The stores are submitted by her website readers, as prompted by a quote from the day’s newspapers. Barbara takes a quote from the _inevitable_ coverage of political affairs in the middle east.) So I got talking to Barbara, I wanted to tell her I was enjoying the project. It must be quite a feat, to submit oneself to this task, every night for three years, without one night off. I suggested it might be hard over summer in Sydney, to force herself to head back from the beach before sunset…We talked a bit about Lone Twin, their cycling project, the idea of “daily” activities which build up into something. She said she had to hurry actually, as sunset would be soon, and she had to read Brian’s story and run.

I left her to it and wandered into the back room. There, a woman in a red gown was sitting on a chair, eating a sandwich. Again, Sarah was writing text on the wall behind her, with charcoal. She started high, and was dragging a ladder around to reach. Instead of an anecdotal story, it was a “biography” in another sense – the list of her achievements as a professional dancer. She had danced in London with this company, in Brisbane as part of that festival, dates, etc. None of it really meant that much to me, but I could see she was accomplished in the field. When Sarah got to the bottom of the column of text listing the dancer’s CV, she wrote, “I ASKED HER TO EAT A SANDWICH, AND SHE SAID YES.” And there she was – eating that sandwich. Laboriously, too, I might add. Brian was standing next to me, and I suggested to him that she might need a glass of milk to wash it down. He laughed, and went over to the wall and began scrubbing it with a sponge dipped into a bucket of water. Bit by bit, he erased (imperfectly) the dancer’s story, leaving only the sentence “I ASKED HER…” I thought it was a funny and subversive way to “use” the talents of his colleague.

Possibly it had something to do with Brian’s crap jobs – having all this amazing experience, but being required to do something banal for your “bread”. When I returned to the front room of First Draft, I found the remnants of another performance that had taken place before I arrived. A glass display case, like the sort of thing in a sandwich bar, was sitting there, filled with sandwich ingredients. A story was on the wall, again scrubbed out. There was a story there too, but you could barely discern it. Something about a job making sandwiches. I should have asked someone, but forgot to – whether in this phase of the evening, Brian had made the sandwich that his dancer later had to munch her way through. That’d make sense, I guess.

Brian’s, Koji’s, and Huseyin’s events had a lightness about them I really enjoyed. It didn’t feel like we were being badgered into “bearing witness” to something groundbreaking and of great profundity. The performances presented as part of “here” were more intimate, quieter, more “one on one”, and the the small (smaller than First Draft’s usual) crowds helped make that happen.

Some pictures are here.

one2one festival, New York

I recently made contact with Sal Randolph, who runs intheconversation. From her, I heard about the one2one festival going on very soon, in New York. Wish I could be there!

details:
one2one festival, November 20, 2005

Be Something announces the first biannual one2one festival, taking place at private and public locations throughout Manhattan and Brooklyn on November 20, 2005. A small and intimate participatory performance festival, one2one is based on the concept of direct energetic transmission of the artist to the audience and back again. All performances are designed for an audience of one (or in very special situations, a pair of close friends or relatives).

In most cases, performances run consecutively throughout the day. Appointments for individual performances can be made through info@besomething.org.

A closing party will take place in the early evening, open to participants and general public. Location TBA.

participating artists:
Michelle Nagai
sto
Jonathan Osofsky
Sal Randolph
Kathe Izzo
John O

participatory action research

A great intro to “Participatory Action Research” by Yoland Wadsworth

http://www.scu.edu.au/schools/gcm/ar/ari/p-ywadsworth98.html

excerpt here:
………………..

We are looking for our daughter’s shoes in the early morning scramble. We review previous ‘historical data’ (memories of earlier experiences!) as part of planning our ‘research design’. We generate several hypotheses and move quickly into the ‘field’ to involve other participants and gather new data to test them! We use some observational anthropology. Two brief interviews with daughter and sibling result in reports of failed hunches! (they weren’t in their cupboards or on the back verandah!); we engage in further open-ended interviews with the entire household population. Then secondary analysis of the previous day’s timetable generates a further hunch (Sports Day!: shoes replaced with runners) and an additional round of observation reveals: shoes in school bag!These trivial microcosms contain a structure which reliably:

* commences – ironically – with stopping. That is, we do not begin to inquire until we actually suspend our current action because of the:
* raising of a question; which then provokes us to go about:
* planning ways to get answers – ways which will involve identifying and involving ‘questioners’, ‘the questioned’ and an idea of for who or for what we desire answers;
* engaging in fieldwork about new, current or past action in order to get answers and improve our experiential understanding of the problematic situation;
* generating from the ‘answers’ an imaginative idea of what to do to change and improve our actions;
* the putting into practice of the new actions (followed by further stopping, reflecting and possible ‘problematisation’).

mass observation, intheconversation, hostel, transfiguration

just a quick note about four things:

http://www.massobs.org.uk
"The Mass-Observation Archive specialises in material about everyday life in Britain.
It contains papers generated by the original Mass-Observation social research organisation (1937
to early 1950s), and newer material collected continuously since 1981."

http://intheconversation.blogs.com/art/
great lil blog about uncollectable art processes and "social architectures"

http://www.hostelprojects.org/about.htm
"Hostel is an organization dedicated to the support and presentation of artwork in public and social space. We have a particular focus on supporting artists who wish to research or execute work in cities other than those in which they live." [thanks to Lisa for the ref.]

http://www.variant.randomstate.org/22texts/Dezeuze.html
Transfiguration of the Commonplace, by Anna Dezeuze, published in variant. An account of how "art" and "the everyday" might (or might not) intersect, via Danto, Warhol, Fluxus, Tiravanija, Bourriaud… [a pdf of this essay is here]

feedback manual

Clubs Project Space in Melbourne runs “Feedback Sessions.”

From their Feedback page:

CLUBSfeedback focus upon on the means by which the work in question exists in the space of its presentation/actualisation. It is an attempt to develop an engaged reading or analysis of work through focused and extended collaborative dialogue. CLUBSfeedback begins by unravelling, through observation, the material and spatial structure of the work. These observations then open into critical discussions. The artist is not required to justify or explain the work in this process, but is engaged towards the end of the discussion when questions are formulated. These sessions are intended to be supportive, whereby the artists’ project is opened up to detailed analysis. We borrowed and developed this practice from an academic model that we shared together as students and we decided to continue it in order to build empowering and engaged peer relations.

Recently, in Sydney, a bunch of us (including Lisa Kelly, Sarah Goffman, Anne Kay, Kylie Wilkinson, and I) have adopted this model, and Feedback Sessions have been carried out for Michelle Ussher (as part of MCA’s Primavera 2005) and for Josie Cavallaro (for her recent show at Scott Donovan Gallery).

At the moment we’re running off Clubs’ Feedback Manual (which is on their site, and a pdf is saved here also). I reckon before long we’ll reformulate that manual for our own ends, in keeping with the Clubs open source policy!

– –

ps: as of 2007, we now have a Sydney Feedback Sessions on the go! See http://feedbacksessions.com/